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TRANSITION METAL







THE ANSWER


• Both copper and iron are transition
metals.

• Transition metals occupy the d block of
the periodic table from group 3 to group
12.


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• Have large charge to radius ratio
Effective nuclear charge increases while atomic radii are similar across the period.


• High density
Transition elements are much denser than s- block elements because of the small decrease in metallic radius and atomic mass increases across the period.

• High melting point and boiling point
Strong metallic bonding due to delocalization of electrons facilitated by the availability of both d and s electrons.

• Ductile


• Malleable

• Conduct electricity and heat

• Show variable oxidation states
Most have +2 oxidation state due to loss of s electrons. Oxidation number greater
than 2 is due to the loss of d electrons as well as s electrons.


• Form coloured ions and compounds
When there are ligands present, the 3d level splits up into two levels of energy, with two orbitals at a slightly higher level and three at a lower level. The energy jump when an electron is transferred between two of these levels corresponds to the energy of visible light.This is why the solutions of the ions are coloured.

• Form compounds with profound catalytic
activity

• Form stable complexes

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METAL'S MAGNETISM